In 2012, Automation World published an article looking at the decision factors faced when choosing electric or pneumatic actuators. More than a decade later, manufacturing engineers and OEMs still ...

With open-loop therapies, insulin administration is manually controlled, while hybrid closed-loop systems automatically regulate insulin delivery. A study showed that hybrid closed-loop systems offer ...

The long-term goal of a fully automated insulin delivery (AID) system that operates without user input to maintain glucose levels within target range remains a future aspiration and may never be fully ...

Compared with standard care, a closed-loop insulin delivery system increased the time spent within the pregnancy-specific glucose target range between 16 and 34 weeks 6 days ’ gestation among pregnant ...

Payments ecosystems are often categorized as either closed-loop or open-loop systems, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Closed-loop systems, such as single-provider mobile wallets like ...

From adaptive brain stimulators to self-monitoring orthopedic implants, researchers are building intelligent medical devices that sense, decide, and treat, closing the loop between diagnosis and ...