Understanding the differences between bacteria and viruses is crucial for recognizing how these microorganisms impact our health. While both are microscopic and can cause infections, they differ ...

When scientists sent bacteria-infecting viruses to the International Space Station, the microbes did not behave the same way they do on Earth. In microgravity, infections still occurred, but both ...

Viral and bacterial pink eye, both highly contagious, cause similar symptoms like redness, swelling, and discharge, but they differ in their causes and duration. Viral pink eye is often linked to ...

Penn State scientists uncovered an ancient bacterial defense where dormant viral DNA helps bacteria fight new viral threats. The enzyme PinQ flips bacterial genes to create protective proteins that ...

Jumbo phages belong to a group of viruses that attack bacteria. They inject their DNA and then reproduce by taking over the cell’s DNA-copying machinery. Eventually, a phage makes so many copies of ...

Microorganisms have evolved together for millennia under Earth’s gravitational conditions, fundamentally shaping their physiology. But what would happen to their dynamics if they lived under space ...